{"id":506,"date":"2016-10-12T13:50:56","date_gmt":"2016-10-12T13:50:56","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/blogs.mathworks.com\/headlines\/?p=506"},"modified":"2016-10-12T14:10:34","modified_gmt":"2016-10-12T14:10:34","slug":"what-has-one-leg-hops-like-a-pogo-stick-and-could-someday-replace-tigger-at-disney","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/blogs.mathworks.com\/headlines\/2016\/10\/12\/what-has-one-leg-hops-like-a-pogo-stick-and-could-someday-replace-tigger-at-disney\/","title":{"rendered":"What has one leg, hops like a pogo stick, and could someday replace Tigger at Disney?"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>Nothing could really replace Tigger! But Disney did create a one-legged robot that could possibly challenge Tigger in a bouncing contest. This pogobot weighs less than 5 pounds, is about 12 inches in height and can bounce, untethered, for up to 19 bounces. It&#8217;s an autonomous, untethered, bouncing robot, and it&#8217;s the first of its kind.<\/p>\n<p>As reported by <em>Engadget<\/em>, <a href=\"https:\/\/www.engadget.com\/2016\/10\/09\/disney-one-legged-tigger-robot\/\" target=\"_blank\">\u201cDisney&#8217;s research division revealed last year that one of the company&#8217;s goals is to bring its fictional characters to life&#8230; as robots. Well, folks, we may now be witnessing the birth of a robotic Tigger. The House of Mouse&#8217;s scientists have designed a bouncy machine with one leg that can hop around without support.\u201d<\/a><\/p>\n<p><div style=\"width: 509px\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\"><a href=\"http:\/\/i.dailymail.co.uk\/i\/pix\/2016\/10\/06\/17\/392B68F900000578-0-image-a-1_1475772415240.jpg\" target=\"_blank\"><img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" class=\"\" src=\"http:\/\/i.dailymail.co.uk\/i\/pix\/2016\/10\/06\/17\/392B68F900000578-0-image-a-1_1475772415240.jpg\" width=\"499\" height=\"292\" \/><\/a><p class=\"wp-caption-text\">Image credit: Disney<\/p><\/div><\/p>\n<h2><span class=\"mw_blue\">The robot<\/span><\/h2>\n<p>The robot is comprised of a spring actuated leg and lightweight body. The design was revealed last week by <a href=\"https:\/\/www.disneyresearch.com\/\" target=\"_blank\">Disney Research<\/a>, and is detailed in this <a href=\"https:\/\/s3-us-west-1.amazonaws.com\/disneyresearch\/wp-content\/uploads\/20160928202647\/Untethered-One-Legged-Hopping-in-3D-Using-Linear-Elastic-Actuator-in-Parallel-LEAP-Paper.pdf\" target=\"_blank\">paper<\/a>, \u201cUntethered One-Legged Hopping in 3D Using Linear Elastic Actuator in Parallel (LEAP).\u201d<\/p>\n<p>The body of the robot makes up only about two-thirds of the robot\u2019s total weight. This ratio is considerably lower than most \u201chopper\u201d robot torsos and therefore enables the robot to be powered by Lithium Polymer (LiP) batteries instead of the typical power cable. (The wires seen in the above image were used for data collection purposes, and are not needed for locomotion. They do not provide power to the robot.)<\/p>\n<p><div style=\"width: 509px\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\"><a href=\"http:\/\/i.gzn.jp\/img\/2016\/10\/07\/disney-research-one-legged-hopping-robot\/01_m.png\" target=\"_blank\"><img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" src=\"http:\/\/i.gzn.jp\/img\/2016\/10\/07\/disney-research-one-legged-hopping-robot\/01_m.png\" width=\"499\" height=\"252\" \/><\/a><p class=\"wp-caption-text\">Image credit: Disney Research.<\/p><\/div><\/p>\n<p>In addition to the lightweight LiP batteries, the torso is comprised of inertial sensors and a microcomputer. The sensors estimate velocity, and the microcomputer uses a modified <a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Marc_Raibert\" target=\"_blank\">Raibert<\/a> hopping algorithm to maintain the robot\u2019s balance.<\/p>\n<p>The leg of the robot utilizes two compression springs to support the majority of the weight, and a voice coil actuator as the spring mechanism. The voice coil actuator is the type of coil found in common audio speakers. These components comprise the LEAP mechanism detailed in the research paper.<\/p>\n<h2><\/h2>\n<h2><span class=\"mw_blue\">The role of simulation in robot design<\/span><\/h2>\n<p>Simulation played a critical role in the design of this system. The\u00a0project by Zachary Batts, Joohyung Kim, and Katsu Yamane\u00a0began as a computer simulation before it was implemented in hardware.\u00a0 A CAD model was imported into <a href=\"https:\/\/www.mathworks.com\/products\/simmechanics\/?s_tid=srchtitle\" target=\"_blank\">Simscape Multibody<\/a> to create the model.<\/p>\n<p>According to the <a href=\"http:\/\/s3-us-west-1.amazonaws.com\/disneyresearch\/wp-content\/uploads\/20160524224103\/Design-of-a-Hopping-Mechanism-Using-a-Voice-Coil-Linear-Elastic-Actuator-in-Parallel-LEAP-Paper.pdf\" target=\"_blank\">research team<\/a>, \u201cWe first developed a simulation to test, tune, and debug our state estimator and controller before implementing on hardware. To determine an optimal spring stiffness that maximizes hopping height, we simulated our system with a range of stiffnesses, assuming a range of damping coefficients (0%, 5% and 10% critical damping).\u201d<\/p>\n<p>The team performed hardware experiments to identify system parameters and validate the electromechanical model. This included calibrating the current sensor, identifying the breakaway stiction force of the linear bearings, and testing the hardware with various spring stiffnesses. Through these tests, they identified relevant system parameters and showed that the original model captured the general behavior of the physical system.<\/p>\n<h2><span class=\"mw_blue\">Will you see this robot hopping around Disney World?<\/span><\/h2>\n<p>Disney Research\u2019s mission is to \u201cpush the scientific and technological forefront of innovation at The Walt Disney Company.\u201d While it isn\u2019t likely that you will see this robot at Disney World anytime soon, when the research team described the motivation behind their research they said legged robots \u201ccan overcome uneven terrain, and <strong>can entertain an audience<\/strong> as they act out complex movements.\u201d<\/p>\n<p>The one-legged robot can serve as a simplified testbed for locomotion control algorithms, they also have to withstand significant force actuation to achieve safe ground clearance. For the researchers, this pogobot\u00a0will provide &#8220;an ideal benchmark for actuators used in legged locomotion.&#8221;<\/p>\n<p>To learn more about this project, check out this <a href=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/watch?v=M0ZXmGRCuts\" target=\"_blank\">video <\/a>of the robot.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<div class=\"overview-image\"><img decoding=\"async\"  class=\"img-responsive\" src=\"http:\/\/i.dailymail.co.uk\/i\/pix\/2016\/10\/06\/17\/392B68F900000578-0-image-a-1_1475772415240.jpg\" onError=\"this.style.display ='none';\" \/><\/div>\n<p>Nothing could really replace Tigger! But Disney did create a one-legged robot that could possibly challenge Tigger in a bouncing contest. This pogobot weighs less than 5 pounds, is about 12 inches in&#8230; <a class=\"read-more\" href=\"https:\/\/blogs.mathworks.com\/headlines\/2016\/10\/12\/what-has-one-leg-hops-like-a-pogo-stick-and-could-someday-replace-tigger-at-disney\/\">read more >><\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":138,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":[],"categories":[1],"tags":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/blogs.mathworks.com\/headlines\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/506"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/blogs.mathworks.com\/headlines\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/blogs.mathworks.com\/headlines\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/blogs.mathworks.com\/headlines\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/138"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/blogs.mathworks.com\/headlines\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=506"}],"version-history":[{"count":6,"href":"https:\/\/blogs.mathworks.com\/headlines\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/506\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":512,"href":"https:\/\/blogs.mathworks.com\/headlines\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/506\/revisions\/512"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/blogs.mathworks.com\/headlines\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=506"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/blogs.mathworks.com\/headlines\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=506"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/blogs.mathworks.com\/headlines\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=506"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}