{"id":10820,"date":"2024-02-01T06:00:11","date_gmt":"2024-02-01T11:00:11","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/blogs.mathworks.com\/student-lounge\/?p=10820"},"modified":"2024-07-10T13:34:37","modified_gmt":"2024-07-10T17:34:37","slug":"climb-stairs-and-shoot-the-target-a-student-robotics-project","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/blogs.mathworks.com\/student-lounge\/2024\/02\/01\/climb-stairs-and-shoot-the-target-a-student-robotics-project\/","title":{"rendered":"Climb stairs and shoot the target: A Student Robotics Project!"},"content":{"rendered":"<div class=\"rtcContent\">\n<div style=\"margin: 2px 10px 9px 4px; padding: 0px; line-height: 21px; min-height: 0px; white-space: pre-wrap; color: #212121; font-family: Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-style: normal; font-size: 14px; font-weight: 400; text-align: left;\">For this week\u2019s blog post, we invited an <a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/ABU_Robocon\">ABU Robocon<\/a> team, BRACT\u2019s Vishwakarma Institute of Technology, Pune to share their journey to winning 3rd place in the MathWorks Modelling Award at DD Robocon 2023. For the 2023 season, The <a href=\"https:\/\/youtu.be\/mOXJfGUyQSk?si=2h9IF85YA9RloCOK\">theme and problem statement<\/a> of the contest was &#8220;Casting Flowers over Angkor Wat,&#8221; which involves the cooperation of a rabbit robot and an elephant robot. The objective of the game is to toss their team&#8217;s colored rings into 11 poles located in the Angkor Wat Area. MathWorks is immensely proud of the team&#8217;s achievements, and we hope you also find their insights useful!<\/div>\n<div style=\"margin: 2px 10px 9px 4px; padding: 0px; line-height: 21px; min-height: 0px; white-space: pre-wrap; color: #212121; font-family: Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-style: normal; font-size: 14px; font-weight: 400; text-align: left;\"><\/div>\n<h2 id=\"H_026FD3B1\" style=\"margin: 20px 10px 5px 4px; padding: 0px; line-height: 20px; min-height: 0px; white-space: pre-wrap; color: #212121; font-family: Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-style: normal; font-size: 20px; font-weight: bold; text-align: left;\">Introduction<\/h2>\n<div style=\"margin: 2px 10px 9px 4px; padding: 0px; line-height: 21px; min-height: 0px; white-space: pre-wrap; color: #212121; font-family: Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-style: normal; font-size: 14px; font-weight: 400; text-align: left;\">This blog explores the realms of physical modelling and pole identification as required for the challenge. The mechanism verification for the required robots was accomplished using MATLAB and Simulink. Physical modelling allowed us to understand and anticipate the behavior of complex systems. Deployed <a href=\"https:\/\/www.mathworks.com\/help\/vision\/ug\/getting-started-with-yolo-v2.html\">YOLOv2<\/a>, an algorithm that provides YOU ONLY LOOK ONCE functionality. On the other hand, computer vision technology was used to gain an acceptable amount of accuracy in object detection.<\/div>\n<div style=\"margin: 2px 10px 9px 4px; padding: 0px; line-height: 21px; min-height: 0px; white-space: pre-wrap; color: #212121; font-family: Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-style: normal; font-size: 14px; font-weight: 400; text-align: left;\"><\/div>\n<h2 id=\"H_1021BF5B\" style=\"margin: 20px 10px 5px 4px; padding: 0px; line-height: 20px; min-height: 0px; white-space: pre-wrap; color: #212121; font-family: Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-style: normal; font-size: 20px; font-weight: bold; text-align: left;\">Methodology<\/h2>\n<h3 id=\"H_F79357BF\" style=\"margin: 15px 10px 5px 4px; padding: 0px; line-height: 18px; min-height: 0px; white-space: pre-wrap; color: #212121; font-family: Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-style: normal; font-size: 17px; font-weight: bold; text-align: left;\">Modelling of the ring<\/h3>\n<div style=\"margin: 2px 10px 9px 4px; padding: 0px; line-height: 21px; min-height: 0px; white-space: pre-wrap; color: #212121; font-family: Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-style: normal; font-size: 14px; font-weight: 400; text-align: left;\">The ring shape is modelled using a revolved solid block. Providing the block with ring dimensions makes it possible to accurately simulate the contact force between the ring shooting mechanism and the ring. The geometry section has two blocks:<\/div>\n<ul style=\"margin: 10px 0px 20px; padding-left: 0px; font-family: Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 14px;\">\n<li style=\"margin-left: 56px; line-height: 21px; min-height: 0px; text-align: left; white-space: pre-wrap;\">In the first one, the user is required to input the cross-section of the ring, envisioning it as a square, and providing the coordinates in an anticlockwise manner.<\/li>\n<li style=\"margin-left: 56px; line-height: 21px; min-height: 0px; text-align: left; white-space: pre-wrap;\">In the second block, users are prompted to input the extent of the revolution, setting it to full. In the inertia section, users are required to set the calculated parameters derived from the original ring&#8217;s physical model.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<div style=\"margin: 2px 10px 9px 4px; padding: 0px; line-height: 21px; min-height: 0px; white-space: pre-wrap; color: #212121; font-family: Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-style: normal; font-size: 14px; font-weight: 400; text-align: center;\"><img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" class=\"imageNode\" style=\"vertical-align: baseline; width: 270px; height: 145px;\" src=\"https:\/\/blogs.mathworks.com\/student-lounge\/files\/2024\/01\/24Feb1_1.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"270\" height=\"145\" \/><\/div>\n<div style=\"margin: 2px 10px 9px 4px; padding: 0px; line-height: 21px; min-height: 0px; white-space: pre-wrap; color: #212121; font-family: Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-style: normal; font-size: 14px; font-weight: 400; text-align: center;\">Ring<\/div>\n<h3 id=\"H_20471E2D\" style=\"margin: 15px 10px 5px 4px; padding: 0px; line-height: 18px; min-height: 0px; white-space: pre-wrap; color: #212121; font-family: Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-style: normal; font-size: 17px; font-weight: bold; text-align: left;\">Modelling of the Robots (Elephant Robot and Rabbit Robot)<\/h3>\n<div style=\"margin: 2px 10px 9px 4px; padding: 0px; line-height: 21px; min-height: 0px; white-space: pre-wrap; color: #212121; font-family: Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-style: normal; font-size: 14px; font-weight: 400; text-align: left;\">MATLAB provides a seamless way to import SolidWorks CAD models into Simulink by converting them to XML files and using the &#8216;<a href=\"https:\/\/www.mathworks.com\/help\/sm\/ref\/smimport.html?s_tid=doc_ta\">smimport<\/a>&#8216; command. However, for complex robots, the import may not generate perfectly aligned parts. To address this, we created a simplified CAD model with only essential components for analysis. Additionally, to visualize Weldments accurately, converting them to STEP files or using simple sketches for import into MATLAB proves effective. This integration streamlines the design process and facilitates a more efficient examination of mechanisms.<\/div>\n<h3 id=\"H_976BE780\" style=\"margin: 15px 10px 5px 4px; padding: 0px; line-height: 18px; min-height: 0px; white-space: pre-wrap; color: #212121; font-family: Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-style: normal; font-size: 17px; font-weight: bold; text-align: left;\">Modelling of the ring shooting mechanism<\/h3>\n<div style=\"margin: 2px 10px 9px 4px; padding: 0px; line-height: 21px; min-height: 0px; white-space: pre-wrap; color: #212121; font-family: Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-style: normal; font-size: 14px; font-weight: 400; text-align: left;\">In the ring shooting mechanism, a hollow aluminium square section is mounted on a motor shaft at a specific distance from the ring. When we actuate the motor, the link shoots the ring, and it is thrown into the pole.<\/div>\n<div style=\"margin: 2px 10px 9px 4px; padding: 0px; line-height: 21px; min-height: 0px; white-space: pre-wrap; color: #212121; font-family: Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-style: normal; font-size: 14px; font-weight: 400; text-align: center;\"><img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" class=\"imageNode\" style=\"vertical-align: baseline; width: 303px; height: 183px;\" src=\"https:\/\/blogs.mathworks.com\/student-lounge\/files\/2024\/01\/24Feb1_2.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"303\" height=\"183\" \/><\/div>\n<div style=\"margin: 2px 10px 9px 4px; padding: 0px; line-height: 21px; min-height: 0px; white-space: pre-wrap; color: #212121; font-family: Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-style: normal; font-size: 14px; font-weight: 400; text-align: center;\"><img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" class=\"imageNode\" style=\"vertical-align: baseline; width: 324px; height: 182px;\" src=\"https:\/\/blogs.mathworks.com\/student-lounge\/files\/2024\/01\/24Feb1_3.gif\" alt=\"gif1.gif\" width=\"324\" height=\"182\" \/><\/div>\n<div style=\"margin: 2px 10px 9px 4px; padding: 0px; line-height: 21px; min-height: 0px; white-space: pre-wrap; color: #212121; font-family: Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-style: normal; font-size: 14px; font-weight: 400; text-align: center;\"><span style=\"font-weight: bold; font-style: italic;\">Ring Shooting Mechanism<\/span><\/div>\n<h4 id=\"H_5A25C363\" style=\"margin: 10px 10px 5px 4px; padding: 0px; line-height: 18px; min-height: 0px; white-space: pre-wrap; color: #212121; font-family: Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-style: normal; font-size: 15px; font-weight: bold; text-align: left;\">Challenge encountered<\/h4>\n<div style=\"margin: 2px 10px 9px 4px; padding: 0px; line-height: 21px; min-height: 0px; white-space: pre-wrap; color: #212121; font-family: Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-style: normal; font-size: 14px; font-weight: 400; text-align: left;\">One of the main challenges faced was determining the appropriate length and position of the link, as well as the position of the ring on the guideway (A plate, where the ring is placed for shooting). Ensuring consistent placement of the ring actively contributed to the effectiveness of guideway manufacturing. To find the optimal configuration, after conducting multiple simulations in MATLAB, varying the ring positions and link lengths, the best combination was manufactured. The figure illustrates the ideal link length, position, ring placement, and shooting height. This meticulous approach resulted in improved results and overall performance.<\/div>\n<h4 id=\"H_F25ADBDE\" style=\"margin: 10px 10px 5px 4px; padding: 0px; line-height: 18px; min-height: 0px; white-space: pre-wrap; color: #212121; font-family: Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-style: normal; font-size: 15px; font-weight: bold; text-align: left;\">Calculate torque for the motor<\/h4>\n<div style=\"background-color: #f5f5f5; margin: 10px 0 10px 0;\">\n<div class=\"inlineWrapper\">\n<div style=\"border-left: 1px solid #bfbfbf; border-right: 1px solid #bfbfbf; border-top: 1px solid #bfbfbf; border-bottom: 0px none #212121; border-radius: 4px 4px 0px 0px; padding: 6px 45px 0px 13px; line-height: 18.004px; min-height: 0px; white-space: nowrap; color: #212121; font-family: Menlo, Monaco, Consolas, 'Courier New', monospace; font-size: 14px;\"><span style=\"white-space: pre;\"> <span style=\"color: #008013;\">% Distance along x axis (s_x )= 4 m,<\/span><\/span><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"inlineWrapper\">\n<div style=\"border-left: 1px solid #bfbfbf; border-right: 1px solid #bfbfbf; border-top: 0px none #212121; border-bottom: 0px none #212121; border-radius: 0px; padding: 0px 45px 0px 13px; line-height: 18.004px; min-height: 0px; white-space: nowrap; color: #212121; font-family: Menlo, Monaco, Consolas, 'Courier New', monospace; font-size: 14px;\"><span style=\"white-space: pre;\"> <span style=\"color: #008013;\">% u=Velocity of ring<\/span><\/span><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"inlineWrapper\">\n<div style=\"border-left: 1px solid #bfbfbf; border-right: 1px solid #bfbfbf; border-top: 0px none #212121; border-bottom: 0px none #212121; border-radius: 0px; padding: 0px 45px 0px 13px; line-height: 18.004px; min-height: 0px; white-space: nowrap; color: #212121; font-family: Menlo, Monaco, Consolas, 'Courier New', monospace; font-size: 14px;\"><span style=\"white-space: pre;\"> <span style=\"color: #008013;\">% Distance along y axis (s_y )= 1.2 m,<\/span><\/span><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"inlineWrapper\">\n<div style=\"border-left: 1px solid #bfbfbf; border-right: 1px solid #bfbfbf; border-top: 0px none #212121; border-bottom: 0px none #212121; border-radius: 0px; padding: 0px 45px 0px 13px; line-height: 18.004px; min-height: 0px; white-space: nowrap; color: #212121; font-family: Menlo, Monaco, Consolas, 'Courier New', monospace; font-size: 14px;\"><span style=\"white-space: pre;\"> <span style=\"color: #008013;\">% \u03c9=Angular velocity of link <\/span><\/span><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"inlineWrapper\">\n<div style=\"border-left: 1px solid #bfbfbf; border-right: 1px solid #bfbfbf; border-top: 0px none #212121; border-bottom: 0px none #212121; border-radius: 0px; padding: 0px 45px 0px 13px; line-height: 18.004px; min-height: 0px; white-space: nowrap; color: #212121; font-family: Menlo, Monaco, Consolas, 'Courier New', monospace; font-size: 14px;\"><span style=\"white-space: pre;\"> <span style=\"color: #008013;\">% I=Moment of Inertia of link=0.0012 kg-m^2,<\/span><\/span><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"inlineWrapper\">\n<div style=\"border-left: 1px solid #bfbfbf; border-right: 1px solid #bfbfbf; border-top: 0px none #212121; border-bottom: 0px none #212121; border-radius: 0px; padding: 0px 45px 0px 13px; line-height: 18.004px; min-height: 0px; white-space: nowrap; color: #212121; font-family: Menlo, Monaco, Consolas, 'Courier New', monospace; font-size: 14px;\"><span style=\"white-space: pre;\"> <span style=\"color: #008013;\">% t=Time of flight<\/span><\/span><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"inlineWrapper\">\n<div style=\"border-left: 1px solid #bfbfbf; border-right: 1px solid #bfbfbf; border-top: 0px none #212121; border-bottom: 0px none #212121; border-radius: 0px; padding: 0px 45px 0px 13px; line-height: 18.004px; min-height: 0px; white-space: nowrap; color: #212121; font-family: Menlo, Monaco, Consolas, 'Courier New', monospace; font-size: 14px;\"><span style=\"white-space: pre;\"> <span style=\"color: #008013;\">% Angle of shooting ( \u03b8) = 45\u00b0<\/span><\/span><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"inlineWrapper\">\n<div style=\"border-left: 1px solid #bfbfbf; border-right: 1px solid #bfbfbf; border-top: 0px none #212121; border-bottom: 0px none #212121; border-radius: 0px; padding: 0px 45px 0px 13px; line-height: 18.004px; min-height: 0px; white-space: nowrap; color: #212121; font-family: Menlo, Monaco, Consolas, 'Courier New', monospace; font-size: 14px;\"><span style=\"white-space: pre;\"> <span style=\"color: #008013;\">% s_x = u cos\u2061(45\u00b0)\u00d7t \u2026 (1)<\/span><\/span><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"inlineWrapper\">\n<div style=\"border-left: 1px solid #bfbfbf; border-right: 1px solid #bfbfbf; border-top: 0px none #212121; border-bottom: 0px none #212121; border-radius: 0px; padding: 0px 45px 0px 13px; line-height: 18.004px; min-height: 0px; white-space: nowrap; color: #212121; font-family: Menlo, Monaco, Consolas, 'Courier New', monospace; font-size: 14px;\"><span style=\"white-space: pre;\"> <span style=\"color: #008013;\">% s_y=u sin(45\u00b0)\u00d7t -1\/2 gt^2 \u2026(2) <\/span><\/span><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"inlineWrapper\">\n<div style=\"border-left: 1px solid #bfbfbf; border-right: 1px solid #bfbfbf; border-top: 0px none #212121; border-bottom: 0px none #212121; border-radius: 0px; padding: 0px 45px 0px 13px; line-height: 18.004px; min-height: 0px; white-space: nowrap; color: #212121; font-family: Menlo, Monaco, Consolas, 'Courier New', monospace; font-size: 14px;\"><span style=\"white-space: pre;\"> <span style=\"color: #008013;\">% Using equation (1) and (2), <\/span><\/span><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"inlineWrapper\">\n<div style=\"border-left: 1px solid #bfbfbf; border-right: 1px solid #bfbfbf; border-top: 0px none #212121; border-bottom: 0px none #212121; border-radius: 0px; padding: 0px 45px 0px 13px; line-height: 18.004px; min-height: 0px; white-space: nowrap; color: #212121; font-family: Menlo, Monaco, Consolas, 'Courier New', monospace; font-size: 14px;\"><span style=\"white-space: pre;\"> <span style=\"color: #008013;\">% u=7.64 m\/s\u2061and t=0.74 s <\/span><\/span><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"inlineWrapper\">\n<div style=\"border-left: 1px solid #bfbfbf; border-right: 1px solid #bfbfbf; border-top: 0px none #212121; border-bottom: 0px none #212121; border-radius: 0px; padding: 0px 45px 0px 13px; line-height: 18.004px; min-height: 0px; white-space: nowrap; color: #212121; font-family: Menlo, Monaco, Consolas, 'Courier New', monospace; font-size: 14px;\"><span style=\"white-space: pre;\"> <span style=\"color: #008013;\">% Using law of conservation of energy,<\/span><\/span><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"inlineWrapper\">\n<div style=\"border-left: 1px solid #bfbfbf; border-right: 1px solid #bfbfbf; border-top: 0px none #212121; border-bottom: 0px none #212121; border-radius: 0px; padding: 0px 45px 0px 13px; line-height: 18.004px; min-height: 0px; white-space: nowrap; color: #212121; font-family: Menlo, Monaco, Consolas, 'Courier New', monospace; font-size: 14px;\"><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"inlineWrapper\">\n<div style=\"border-left: 1px solid #bfbfbf; border-right: 1px solid #bfbfbf; border-top: 0px none #212121; border-bottom: 0px none #212121; border-radius: 0px; padding: 0px 45px 0px 13px; line-height: 18.004px; min-height: 0px; white-space: nowrap; color: #212121; font-family: Menlo, Monaco, Consolas, 'Courier New', monospace; font-size: 14px;\"><span style=\"white-space: pre;\"> <span style=\"color: #008013;\">% (@ Rotational Energy)_((link))=\u3016Kinetic Energy\u3017_((ring))<\/span><\/span><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"inlineWrapper\">\n<div style=\"border-left: 1px solid #bfbfbf; border-right: 1px solid #bfbfbf; border-top: 0px none #212121; border-bottom: 0px none #212121; border-radius: 0px; padding: 0px 45px 0px 13px; line-height: 18.004px; min-height: 0px; white-space: nowrap; color: #212121; font-family: Menlo, Monaco, Consolas, 'Courier New', monospace; font-size: 14px;\"><span style=\"white-space: pre;\"> <span style=\"color: #008013;\">% 1\/2\u00d7I\u00d7\u03c9^2=1\/2\u00d7M\u00d7u^2 <\/span><\/span><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"inlineWrapper\">\n<div style=\"border-left: 1px solid #bfbfbf; border-right: 1px solid #bfbfbf; border-top: 0px none #212121; border-bottom: 0px none #212121; border-radius: 0px; padding: 0px 45px 0px 13px; line-height: 18.004px; min-height: 0px; white-space: nowrap; color: #212121; font-family: Menlo, Monaco, Consolas, 'Courier New', monospace; font-size: 14px;\"><span style=\"white-space: pre;\"> <span style=\"color: #008013;\">% \u2234\u03c9=74.13 rad\/s and RPM=698 <\/span><\/span><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"inlineWrapper\">\n<div style=\"border-left: 1px solid #bfbfbf; border-right: 1px solid #bfbfbf; border-top: 0px none #212121; border-bottom: 0px none #212121; border-radius: 0px; padding: 0px 45px 0px 13px; line-height: 18.004px; min-height: 0px; white-space: nowrap; color: #212121; font-family: Menlo, Monaco, Consolas, 'Courier New', monospace; font-size: 14px;\"><span style=\"white-space: pre;\"> <span style=\"color: #008013;\">% Torque,\u03c4=I\u00d7\u03b1 \u03b1=\u03c9\/t \u2026 (Assume,t=0.05) <\/span><\/span><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"inlineWrapper\">\n<div style=\"border-left: 1px solid #bfbfbf; border-right: 1px solid #bfbfbf; border-top: 0px none #212121; border-bottom: 0px none #212121; border-radius: 0px; padding: 0px 45px 0px 13px; line-height: 18.004px; min-height: 0px; white-space: nowrap; color: #212121; font-family: Menlo, Monaco, Consolas, 'Courier New', monospace; font-size: 14px;\"><span style=\"white-space: pre;\"> <span style=\"color: #008013;\">% \u03c4=0.0012\u00d71462.8 \u03b1=73.14\/0.05 =1462.8 <\/span><\/span><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"inlineWrapper\">\n<div style=\"border-left: 1px solid #bfbfbf; border-right: 1px solid #bfbfbf; border-top: 0px none #212121; border-bottom: 0px none #212121; border-radius: 0px; padding: 0px 45px 0px 13px; line-height: 18.004px; min-height: 0px; white-space: nowrap; color: #212121; font-family: Menlo, Monaco, Consolas, 'Courier New', monospace; font-size: 14px;\"><span style=\"white-space: pre;\"> <span style=\"color: #008013;\">% \u03c4=1.755 <\/span><\/span><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"inlineWrapper\">\n<div style=\"border-left: 1px solid #bfbfbf; border-right: 1px solid #bfbfbf; border-top: 0px none #212121; border-bottom: 0px none #212121; border-radius: 0px; padding: 0px 45px 0px 13px; line-height: 18.004px; min-height: 0px; white-space: nowrap; color: #212121; font-family: Menlo, Monaco, Consolas, 'Courier New', monospace; font-size: 14px;\"><span style=\"white-space: pre;\"> <span style=\"color: #008013;\">% Final Torque =\u03c4\u00d7FOS\u00d710 (\u2234Factor of Safety=1.5) <\/span><\/span><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"inlineWrapper\">\n<div style=\"border-left: 1px solid #bfbfbf; border-right: 1px solid #bfbfbf; border-top: 0px none #212121; border-bottom: 0px none #212121; border-radius: 0px; padding: 0px 45px 0px 13px; line-height: 18.004px; min-height: 0px; white-space: nowrap; color: #212121; font-family: Menlo, Monaco, Consolas, 'Courier New', monospace; font-size: 14px;\"><span style=\"white-space: pre;\"> <span style=\"color: #008013;\">% Final Torque=27.5 kg-cm<\/span><\/span><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"inlineWrapper\">\n<div style=\"border-left: 1px solid #bfbfbf; border-right: 1px solid #bfbfbf; border-top: 0px none #212121; border-bottom: 1px solid #bfbfbf; border-radius: 0px 0px 4px 4px; padding: 0px 45px 4px 13px; line-height: 18.004px; min-height: 0px; white-space: nowrap; color: #212121; font-family: Menlo, Monaco, Consolas, 'Courier New', monospace; font-size: 14px;\"><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div style=\"margin: 10px 10px 9px 4px; padding: 0px; line-height: 21px; min-height: 0px; white-space: pre-wrap; color: #212121; font-family: Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-style: normal; font-size: 14px; font-weight: 400; text-align: left;\"><\/div>\n<h3 id=\"H_BB5B065B\" style=\"margin: 15px 10px 5px 4px; padding: 0px; line-height: 18px; min-height: 0px; white-space: pre-wrap; color: #212121; font-family: Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-style: normal; font-size: 17px; font-weight: bold; text-align: left;\">Modelling of Bridge Climbing Mechanism<\/h3>\n<div style=\"margin: 2px 10px 9px 4px; padding: 0px; line-height: 21px; min-height: 0px; white-space: pre-wrap; color: #212121; font-family: Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-style: normal; font-size: 14px; font-weight: 400; text-align: left;\">The main challenge in modelling the slope climbing for the robot was its stability during slope climbing because the centre of mass of the robot was above the ground at a significant height and to address this concern, modeling of slope climbing proved effective to assess whether it climbs the slope or topples along the way.<\/div>\n<div style=\"margin: 2px 10px 9px 4px; padding: 0px; line-height: 21px; min-height: 0px; white-space: pre-wrap; color: #212121; font-family: Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-style: normal; font-size: 14px; font-weight: 400; text-align: center;\"><img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" class=\"imageNode\" style=\"vertical-align: baseline; width: 292px; height: 192px;\" src=\"https:\/\/blogs.mathworks.com\/student-lounge\/files\/2024\/01\/24Feb1_4.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"292\" height=\"192\" \/> <img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" class=\"imageNode\" style=\"vertical-align: baseline; width: 342px; height: 192px;\" src=\"https:\/\/blogs.mathworks.com\/student-lounge\/files\/2024\/01\/24Feb1_5.gif\" alt=\"gif2.gif\" width=\"342\" height=\"192\" \/><\/div>\n<div style=\"margin: 2px 10px 9px 4px; padding: 0px; line-height: 21px; min-height: 0px; white-space: pre-wrap; color: #212121; font-family: Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-style: normal; font-size: 14px; font-weight: 400; text-align: center;\"><span style=\"font-weight: bold; font-style: italic;\">Robot climbing the bridge<\/span><\/div>\n<h3 id=\"H_E9DCC75B\" style=\"margin: 15px 10px 5px 4px; padding: 0px; line-height: 18px; min-height: 0px; white-space: pre-wrap; color: #212121; font-family: Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-style: normal; font-size: 17px; font-weight: bold; text-align: left;\">Modelling of Step Climbing Mechanism<\/h3>\n<div style=\"margin: 2px 10px 9px 4px; padding: 0px; line-height: 21px; min-height: 0px; white-space: pre-wrap; color: #212121; font-family: Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-style: normal; font-size: 14px; font-weight: 400; text-align: left;\">Simulink models of step climbing are used to test the stability of the mechanism and to tackle the challenges encountered.<\/div>\n<div style=\"margin: 2px 10px 9px 4px; padding: 0px; line-height: 21px; min-height: 0px; white-space: pre-wrap; color: #212121; font-family: Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-style: normal; font-size: 14px; font-weight: 400; text-align: center;\"><img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" class=\"imageNode\" style=\"vertical-align: baseline; width: 335px; height: 259px;\" src=\"https:\/\/blogs.mathworks.com\/student-lounge\/files\/2024\/01\/24Feb1_6.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"335\" height=\"259\" \/><img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" class=\"imageNode\" style=\"vertical-align: baseline; width: 390px; height: 258px;\" src=\"https:\/\/blogs.mathworks.com\/student-lounge\/files\/2024\/01\/24Feb1_7.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"390\" height=\"258\" \/><\/div>\n<div style=\"margin: 2px 10px 9px 4px; padding: 0px; line-height: 21px; min-height: 0px; white-space: pre-wrap; color: #212121; font-family: Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-style: normal; font-size: 14px; font-weight: 400; text-align: center;\"><span style=\"font-weight: bold; font-style: italic;\">Robot climbing the step<\/span><\/div>\n<div style=\"margin: 2px 10px 9px 4px; padding: 0px; line-height: 21px; min-height: 0px; white-space: pre-wrap; color: #212121; font-family: Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-style: normal; font-size: 14px; font-weight: 400; text-align: left;\"><\/div>\n<h3 id=\"H_F2E02BF4\" style=\"margin: 15px 10px 5px 4px; padding: 0px; line-height: 18px; min-height: 0px; white-space: pre-wrap; color: #212121; font-family: Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-style: normal; font-size: 17px; font-weight: bold; text-align: left;\">Pole Detection using Computer Vision and Deep Learning<\/h3>\n<div style=\"margin: 2px 10px 9px 4px; padding: 0px; line-height: 21px; min-height: 0px; white-space: pre-wrap; color: #212121; font-family: Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-style: normal; font-size: 14px; font-weight: 400; text-align: left;\">Computer Vision and Deep Learning techniques were used for the detection of the pole, which helped the Rabbit Robot align properly with the pole and increase the accuracy and efficiency of the operation of the Rabbit Robot. The <a href=\"https:\/\/www.mathworks.com\/help\/deeplearning\/ug\/object-detection-using-yolo-v2.html\">YOLOv2 algorithm was used for the detection<\/a> of poles and deployed on a Jetson Nano.<\/div>\n<h3 id=\"H_CEF22D84\" style=\"margin: 15px 10px 5px 4px; padding: 0px; line-height: 18px; min-height: 0px; white-space: pre-wrap; color: #212121; font-family: Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-style: normal; font-size: 17px; font-weight: bold; text-align: left;\">Creating and training dataset<\/h3>\n<div style=\"margin: 2px 10px 9px 4px; padding: 0px; line-height: 21px; min-height: 0px; white-space: pre-wrap; color: #212121; font-family: Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-style: normal; font-size: 14px; font-weight: 400; text-align: left;\">A custom and diverse dataset was made by clicking 800 images containing the actual pole from various angles, scales, backgrounds, and lighting conditions.<\/div>\n<div style=\"margin: 2px 10px 9px 4px; padding: 0px; line-height: 21px; min-height: 0px; white-space: pre-wrap; color: #212121; font-family: Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-style: normal; font-size: 14px; font-weight: 400; text-align: center;\"><img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" class=\"imageNode\" style=\"vertical-align: baseline; width: 392px; height: 203px;\" src=\"https:\/\/blogs.mathworks.com\/student-lounge\/files\/2024\/01\/24Feb1_8.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"392\" height=\"203\" \/><\/div>\n<div style=\"margin: 2px 10px 9px 4px; padding: 0px; line-height: 21px; min-height: 0px; white-space: pre-wrap; color: #212121; font-family: Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-style: normal; font-size: 14px; font-weight: 400; text-align: center;\"><img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" class=\"imageNode\" style=\"vertical-align: baseline; width: 373px; height: 209px;\" src=\"https:\/\/blogs.mathworks.com\/student-lounge\/files\/2024\/01\/24Feb1_9.gif\" alt=\"gif4.gif\" width=\"373\" height=\"209\" \/><\/div>\n<div style=\"margin: 2px 10px 9px 4px; padding: 0px; line-height: 21px; min-height: 0px; white-space: pre-wrap; color: #212121; font-family: Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-style: normal; font-size: 14px; font-weight: 400; text-align: center;\"><\/div>\n<h3 id=\"H_668A4260\" style=\"margin: 15px 10px 5px 4px; padding: 0px; line-height: 18px; min-height: 0px; white-space: pre-wrap; color: #212121; font-family: Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-style: normal; font-size: 17px; font-weight: bold; text-align: left;\">Annotation of Images and Splitting of Dataset<\/h3>\n<div style=\"margin: 2px 10px 9px 4px; padding: 0px; line-height: 21px; min-height: 0px; white-space: pre-wrap; color: #212121; font-family: Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-style: normal; font-size: 14px; font-weight: 400; text-align: left;\">the <a href=\"https:\/\/www.mathworks.com\/help\/vision\/ref\/imagelabeler-app.html?searchHighlight=imagelabeler&amp;s_tid=srchtitle_support_results_1_imagelabeler\">Image Labeler<\/a> Application was used for the annotation or labelling of images, ground truth data of the dataset was created by labelling all the images manually. The goal was to detect only one object, the pole. Before labelling, the image size was bigger than the network input size so all the images were resized to [244 244 3], the minimum size to run the YOLOv2 Object Detection Network.<\/div>\n<h3 id=\"H_60C956A5\" style=\"margin: 15px 10px 5px 4px; padding: 0px; line-height: 18px; min-height: 0px; white-space: pre-wrap; color: #212121; font-family: Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-style: normal; font-size: 17px; font-weight: bold; text-align: left;\">Creating YOLOv2 Object Detection Network<\/h3>\n<div style=\"margin: 2px 10px 9px 4px; padding: 0px; line-height: 21px; min-height: 0px; white-space: pre-wrap; color: #212121; font-family: Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-style: normal; font-size: 14px; font-weight: 400; text-align: left;\">This network consists of a feature extraction network and a detection network. ResNet-50 was used for feature extraction which is a pertained 50 layers convolutional neural network. The object detection network was made by specifying all the parameters, like input size, number of classes and anchor boxes.<\/div>\n<h3 id=\"H_6C6C40E9\" style=\"margin: 15px 10px 5px 4px; padding: 0px; line-height: 18px; min-height: 0px; white-space: pre-wrap; color: #212121; font-family: Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-style: normal; font-size: 17px; font-weight: bold; text-align: left;\">Data Augmentation<\/h3>\n<div style=\"margin: 2px 10px 9px 4px; padding: 0px; line-height: 21px; min-height: 0px; white-space: pre-wrap; color: #212121; font-family: Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-style: normal; font-size: 14px; font-weight: 400; text-align: left;\">Randomly transforming the training dataset to create a new diverse variation of an already existing dataset. A few techniques used for data augmentation include brightness and contrast adjustment, and blurring.<\/div>\n<div style=\"margin: 2px 10px 9px 4px; padding: 0px; line-height: 21px; min-height: 0px; white-space: pre-wrap; color: #212121; font-family: Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-style: normal; font-size: 14px; font-weight: 400; text-align: center;\"><img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" class=\"imageNode\" style=\"vertical-align: baseline; width: 290px; height: 235px;\" src=\"https:\/\/blogs.mathworks.com\/student-lounge\/files\/2024\/01\/24Feb1_10.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"290\" height=\"235\" \/> <img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" class=\"imageNode\" style=\"vertical-align: baseline; width: 390px; height: 229px;\" src=\"https:\/\/blogs.mathworks.com\/student-lounge\/files\/2024\/01\/24Feb1_11.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"390\" height=\"229\" \/> <img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" class=\"imageNode\" style=\"vertical-align: baseline; width: 299px; height: 222px;\" src=\"https:\/\/blogs.mathworks.com\/student-lounge\/files\/2024\/01\/24Feb1_12.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"299\" height=\"222\" \/><\/div>\n<h3 id=\"H_5C6F7209\" style=\"margin: 15px 10px 5px 4px; padding: 0px; line-height: 18px; min-height: 0px; white-space: pre-wrap; color: #212121; font-family: Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-style: normal; font-size: 17px; font-weight: bold; text-align: left;\">Train YOLOv2 Object Detector and Evaluate<\/h3>\n<div style=\"margin: 2px 10px 9px 4px; padding: 0px; line-height: 21px; min-height: 0px; white-space: pre-wrap; color: #212121; font-family: Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-style: normal; font-size: 14px; font-weight: 400; text-align: left;\">Specify all the parameters like batch size, learning rate and epochs to train the object \u2018detector\u2019 model. The average precision metric of the Computer Vision Toolbox has been used to evaluate performance. The precision\u2013recall curve was plotted to test how precise our detector model has been trained. The average precision was achieved at 0.91.<\/div>\n<h2 id=\"H_B38ED97A\" style=\"margin: 20px 10px 5px 4px; padding: 0px; line-height: 20px; min-height: 0px; white-space: pre-wrap; color: #212121; font-family: Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-style: normal; font-size: 20px; font-weight: bold; text-align: left;\">Results and Conclusion<\/h2>\n<div style=\"margin: 2px 10px 9px 4px; padding: 0px; line-height: 21px; min-height: 0px; white-space: pre-wrap; color: #212121; font-family: Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-style: normal; font-size: 14px; font-weight: 400; text-align: left;\">Team BRACT\u2019S VIT Pune modelled robots and systems using MATLAB and Simulink. The team\u2019s efforts were primarily driven by a desire to solve practical problems with effective engineering solutions. The lack of a direct ring form in SimScape prompted them to creatively use the extruded solid block to replicate the ring shooting mechanism. Furthermore, it addresses the stability issues that can arise when climbing a slope or meticulously refining the robot&#8217;s design and shooting mechanism using thorough simulations. The team used its object detection model on the Nvidia Jetson Nano, further embracing cutting-edge technology like computer vision and deep learning to precisely detect and align with respect to the poles present in Robocon\u201923 Arena<\/div>\n<h2 id=\"H_A0C06824\" style=\"margin: 20px 10px 5px 4px; padding: 0px; line-height: 20px; min-height: 0px; white-space: pre-wrap; color: #212121; font-family: Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-style: normal; font-size: 20px; font-weight: bold; text-align: left;\">Future Scope<\/h2>\n<div style=\"margin: 2px 10px 9px 4px; padding: 0px; line-height: 21px; min-height: 0px; white-space: pre-wrap; color: #212121; font-family: Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-style: normal; font-size: 14px; font-weight: 400; text-align: left;\">MATLAB&#8217;s numerical computing and simulation features allow users to explore more intricate physical models, improving the performance and stability of their robot. Users can explore new configurations and improve old models using Simulink to construct and evaluate complex mechanisms and can navigate challenging areas and take on duties other than pole detection by incorporating cutting-edge sensors and perception algorithms into the robots. Participating in robotics contests can help team members develop their innovative, collaborative, and leadership skills. All things considered, it provides the ability to advance robotics and significantly advance automation and intelligence systems.<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<p><script type=\"text\/javascript\">var css = ''; var head = document.head || document.getElementsByTagName('head')[0], style = document.createElement('style'); head.appendChild(style); style.type = 'text\/css'; if (style.styleSheet){ style.styleSheet.cssText = css; } else { style.appendChild(document.createTextNode(css)); }<\/script><a href=\"https:\/\/blogs.mathworks.com\/student-lounge\/files\/2024\/01\/24Feb1.mlx\"><button class=\"btn btn-sm btn_color_blue pull-right add_margin_10\">Download Live Script<\/button><\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<div class=\"overview-image\"><img src=\"https:\/\/blogs.mathworks.com\/student-lounge\/files\/2024\/01\/gifsocial.gif\" class=\"img-responsive attachment-post-thumbnail size-post-thumbnail wp-post-image\" alt=\"\" decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" \/><\/div>\n<p>\nFor this week\u2019s blog post, we invited an ABU Robocon team, BRACT\u2019s Vishwakarma Institute of Technology, Pune to share their journey to winning 3rd place in the MathWorks Modelling Award at DD&#8230; <a class=\"read-more\" href=\"https:\/\/blogs.mathworks.com\/student-lounge\/2024\/02\/01\/climb-stairs-and-shoot-the-target-a-student-robotics-project\/\">read more >><\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":183,"featured_media":10823,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":[],"categories":[14,9,13],"tags":[115,328,419],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/blogs.mathworks.com\/student-lounge\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/10820"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/blogs.mathworks.com\/student-lounge\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/blogs.mathworks.com\/student-lounge\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/blogs.mathworks.com\/student-lounge\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/183"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/blogs.mathworks.com\/student-lounge\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=10820"}],"version-history":[{"count":2,"href":"https:\/\/blogs.mathworks.com\/student-lounge\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/10820\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":11295,"href":"https:\/\/blogs.mathworks.com\/student-lounge\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/10820\/revisions\/11295"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/blogs.mathworks.com\/student-lounge\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/10823"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/blogs.mathworks.com\/student-lounge\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=10820"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/blogs.mathworks.com\/student-lounge\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=10820"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/blogs.mathworks.com\/student-lounge\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=10820"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}